What does the term evolution refer to?

The term evolution specifically refers to the changes in inherited characteristics over generations. This concept is foundational in the field of biology and psychology, as it explains how species adapt and transform over long periods due to changes in their environment, genetic variations, and natural selection processes. Evolution emphasizes that these changes are not a matter of individual adaptation within a lifetime but rather a gradual shift in traits across a population's lineage that can lead to the development of new species. Understanding evolution is essential for grasping various psychological and biological concepts, such as the development of behaviors, responses to environmental pressures, and the underlying mechanisms that drive changes in traits.