What is defined as the particular set of genes that a person possesses?

The term that defines the particular set of genes that a person possesses is genotype. The genotype refers to the specific genetic makeup of an individual, including all of the alleles present. This genetic information determines various traits and characteristics of the organism. In contrast, the phenotype is the observable expression of these traits, which can be influenced by environmental factors alongside genetic ones. Alleles are different versions of a gene that can exist at a specific locus on a chromosome, while chromosomes are structures that contain the genetic material, packaged as genes. By understanding that the genotype encompasses the entire genetic composition, one can appreciate how it lays the foundation for not only inherited traits but also the potential interactions with environmental influences.