What is 'self-efficacy' in psychology?

Self-efficacy is defined as the belief in one’s ability to succeed in specific situations or accomplish a task. This concept, introduced by psychologist Albert Bandura, highlights how that belief can significantly influence motivation and performance. When individuals have a strong sense of self-efficacy, they are more likely to take on challenges, put forth effort, and persist in the face of difficulties. It can lead to greater resilience and goal achievement, as people with high self-efficacy are more inclined to embrace obstacles rather than avoid them.

In contrast, the other options focus on different psychological concepts. For instance, influencing others' behavior pertains more to social skills and persuasion, rather than an individual’s belief in their own capabilities. The overall assessment of one’s emotional state relates more closely to emotional intelligence and self-awareness, instead of task-specific confidence. Lastly, negotiating personal relationships involves interpersonal skills and emotional dynamics rather than self-perception in terms of capabilities. Thus, the correct understanding of self-efficacy is specifically tied to one's confidence in their ability to achieve success in particular contexts.