Which psychological approach focuses on observable behavior rather than inner thoughts?

The Behavioral approach is the correct choice because it emphasizes the importance of observable behaviors and the ways in which these behaviors are learned and reinforced through interactions with the environment. This approach, rooted in the work of psychologists like B.F. Skinner and John Watson, posits that behavior can be studied in a systematic and observable manner without considering internal mental states or subjective experiences. Behavioral researchers focus on how stimuli in the environment shape responses through conditioning processes, making it distinct from other psychological approaches that prioritize internal thoughts or biological factors.

In contrast, the Cognitive approach centers on mental processes like perception, memory, and problem-solving, and thus does not focus primarily on observable behavior. The Humanistic approach emphasizes personal growth and self-actualization, highlighting feelings and individual experiences rather than just observable actions. The Biological approach investigates the physiological and genetic influences on behavior, also steering attention away from observable behaviors alone. Hence, the Behavioral approach stands out for its singular focus on observable actions as the key to understanding and addressing psychological phenomena.